Study on Divorce

a sermon by james e. huffman

pastor, Christ's Church

 

Let's take this subject a verse at a time as we work our way through the scriptures, seeing what is actually said about 'divorce' referencing the original languages.

We start in Deuteronomy 24:

Deuteronomy 24:1 When a man hath taken a wife, and married her, and it come to pass that she find no favour in his eyes, because he hath found some uncleanness in her: then let him write her a bill of divorcement, and give it in her hand, and send her out of his house.

2. And when she is departed out of his house, she may go and be another man's wife.

The first concept that presents a challenge is that of "found some uncleanness in her:" Okay, here's the Hebrew word translated 'uncleanness.'

hwr[ `ervah (er-vaw');  Noun Feminine, Strong #: 6172 nakedness, nudity, shame, pudenda

    1. pudenda (implying shameful exposure)
    2. nakedness of a thing, indecency, improper behaviour
    3. exposed, undefended (fig.)

We must also identify the word, "divorcement."

twtyrk K@riythuwth (ker-ee-thooth');  Noun Feminine, Strong #: 3748 divorce, dismissal, divorcement

Anyway, it says that if some guy decides he has found "nakedness, indecency, improper behaviour…" in his wife and therefore she "find(s) no favour in his eyes," he can divorce her and she can "go and be another man's wife."

I don't ever remember that being a text for a sermon on divorce!

Jesus was in a dialogue where the Pharisees were trying to trap Him with word games when He parried with the following:

Matthew 5:27 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery:

28. But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.

 

31. It hath been said, Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement:

32. But I say unto you, That whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery: and whosoever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery.

He is also quoted addressing the subject in Matthew 19, Mark 10, and Luke 16. (These scriptures can be read at the end of this document if you want to reference them at this point.)

So, what is this thing called "adultery?"

moiceuvw Moicheuo (moy-khyoo'-o);
Word Origin: Greek,  Verb, Strong #: 3431 to commit adultery, to be an adulterer

 "Moicheuo" comes from the word "moichos" (Strong's #3432) which, in turn comes from the word "moi."

Moi, as anyone the least bit familiar with French knows, refers to me or I. 

Moichos is always translated 'adultery' but has a root meaning of the chaotic me, or me in chaos or turmoil.

The chaotic me, or me in chaos or turmoil! Now that is powerful and places a greatly different perspective on the origins of the word translated 'adultery.'

It is important to keep in mind that the scriptures using these words were accusatory and very culturally derived. As you have seen from the scriptures, the stigma was attached to the woman.

Women were property. It's no wonder to me that fundamentalists demand that only men are the interpreters of the Word…preachers, pastors, clerics, etc., whatever the title, whatever the religion. I've noticed the tendency of Muslim fundamentalists, Christian fundamentalists, Hindu fundamentalists, you name it, to have a separate set of rights for men and boys, while holding mere platitudes for women.

The Bible was written in such a culture. The Apostle Paul wasn't woman-friendly, as is evident in his writings. He even held to the theory that marriage was inferior to remaining single. (1 Corinthians 7:7-40 is printed at the end of this document if you wish to reference it at this point.)

It is very important to understand the culture of the people groups to whom various parts of the Bible was written.

We need to look at the churches in Galatia . Paul took great exception to their "Judaizing." Even he couldn't take the strict adherence to the Law of Moses that the churches in Galatia were imposing on the Christians there and by the third chapter, 28 verse, laid it out in this way:

Galatians 3:28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.

Are you keeping in mind that Jesus ministered under the law of Moses? Grace and the freedom from the necessity of the law came with the resurrection of Jesus from the dead.

When Jesus gave the disciples His discourse we read earlier from Luke 16, it is important to notice exactly what it was He said:

 

Luke 16:17. It is easier for heaven and earth to disappear than for the least stroke of a pen to drop out of the Law.

It is easier for heaven and earth to disappear than for the least stroke of a pen to drop out of the Law.

All of heaven and earth was shaken to the foundations of eternity when Jesus took death, hell and the grave captive. The Law of Moses was conquered! Grace was brought to all mankind! Equality was established in Christ Jesus.

So where does this put us in our discussion of divorce, adultery, etc.?

Divorce is terrible but was never sin. Moses did establish it because of the hardness of men's hearts. There were occasions where it was necessary but sometimes it was just that a man didn't like his wife.

Those were times when it was perfectly acceptable for a man to have multiple wives and to have sex with their wives' female servants. Yes, even those men of whom it was said that they were "a man after God' s own heart."

But, just let a woman have any other interest and she was promptly led out of the city and killed by the priests and leaders of the community.

There were very few sexual taboos for men and there were no limits upon the number of wives he could have. A wife could have only one husband and he could keep her or get rid of her as he chose.

She was thus identified to the community as divorced, the absolute inference being that whatever the cause of her husband divorcing her, it was her fault and she wasn't to be acceptable property for any other.

That was the law of Jesus day. Only His death and resurrection could change these things. While Greek and then Roman law had brought some degree of variance to the old Jewish practices, the law of Moses was still the law of righteousness and the standard of the Temple .

The only ones to whom the actual, original intent of the word adultery (individual in turmoil and chaos) applied under those religious ideologies of Judaism and the fundamentalism of today are women.

While Muslim and Hindu fundamentalists will still kill the women… Christians will merely ostracize them!

That is not the God of Grace and Mercy and Justice that we now have access to through the blood of Jesus Christ.

 "…all are one in Christ Jesus."

Of course you know that I am not among those who claim to be Biblical Literalists. I believe the Bible was written, and Jesus taught, largely in parables, allegories, and oral narrative for the purpose of revealing God's plan for humanity.

That His plan was repeatedly thwarted, suppressed, twisted and maliciously applied is evident as we read the Bible. I challenge anyone to read the Book of Judges and explain how that portrays the image of the coming Christ, or the foreshadowing of the Church - the Body of Christ. Nor can much better be said of the actions of David, Elijah, etc.

Nope, I will stick with the end product being a narrative of God's dealings with mankind leading to the Redemption of our sinful nature through His Grace and that wonderful Grace bringing forgiveness and healing for each and every hurt and all wrongs!

It is better for some to be divorced! It is better for some to remarry! It is sinful for a man to be abusive to his wife and it is wrong for a 'church' to condemn or ostracize a woman for leaving an abusive husband for her safety and emotional/spiritual/mental well-being!

Any minister or church that would protect and justify a man who is abusive to his wife ought to be removed from office and shut down!

What I see repeatedly through scripture is God's love for the defenseless and oppressed. I also see His disgust with the religiosity of man.

If churches are serious about wanting to cut down on the rate of divorce, they need to start teaching and demanding that love and respect be the absolute rule for everyone, without categorical exceptions.

Scripture references referred to, but not printed in the Study on Divorce.

Matthew 19:3 The Pharisees also came unto him, tempting him, and saying unto him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?

4. And he answered and said unto them, Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female,

5. And said, For this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they twain shall be one flesh?

6. Wherefore they are no more twain, but one flesh. What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder.

7. They say unto him, Why did Moses then command to give a writing of divorcement, and to put her away?

8. He saith unto them, Moses because of the hardness of your hearts suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning it was not so.

9. And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.

10. His disciples say unto him, If the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry.

 

Mark 10:2 And the Pharisees came to him, and asked him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife? tempting him.

3. And he answered and said unto them, What did Moses command you?

4. And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away.

5. And Jesus answered and said unto them, For the hardness of your heart he wrote you this precept.

6. But from the beginning of the creation God made them male and female.

7. For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and cleave to his wife;

8. And they twain shall be one flesh: so then they are no more twain, but one flesh.

9. What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder.

10. And in the house his disciples asked him again of the same matter.

11. And he saith unto them, Whosoever shall put away his wife, and marry another, committeth adultery against her.

12. And if a woman shall put away her husband, and be married to another, she committeth adultery.

 

Luke 16:16 "The Law and the Prophets were proclaimed until John. Since that time, the good news of the kingdom of God is being preached, and everyone is forcing his way into it.

17. It is easier for heaven and earth to disappear than for the least stroke of a pen to drop out of the Law.

18. "Anyone who divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery, and the man who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

 

I Corinthians 7:7 I wish that all men were as I am. But each man has his own gift from God; one has this gift, another has that.

8. Now to the unmarried and the widows I say: It is good for them to stay unmarried, as I am.

9. But if they cannot control themselves, they should marry, for it is better to marry than to burn with passion.

10. To the married I give this command (not I, but the Lord): A wife must not separate from her husband.

11. But if she does, she must remain unmarried or else be reconciled to her husband. And a husband must not divorce his wife.

12. To the rest I say this (I, not the Lord): If any brother has a wife who is not a believer and she is willing to live with him, he must not divorce her.

13. And if a woman has a husband who is not a believer and he is willing to live with her, she must not divorce him.

14. For the unbelieving husband has been sanctified through his wife, and the unbelieving wife has been sanctified through her believing husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.

15. But if the unbeliever leaves, let him do so. A believing man or woman is not bound in such circumstances; God has called us to live in peace.

16. How do you know, wife, whether you will save your husband? Or, how do you know, husband, whether you will save your wife?

17. Nevertheless, each one should retain the place in life that the Lord assigned to him and to which God has called him. This is the rule I lay down in all the churches.

 

25. Now about virgins: I have no command from the Lord, but I give a judgment as one who by the Lord's mercy is trustworthy.

26. Because of the present crisis, I think that it is good for you to remain as you are.

27. Are you married? Do not seek a divorce. Are you unmarried? Do not look for a wife.

28. But if you do marry, you have not sinned; and if a virgin marries, she has not sinned. But those who marry will face many troubles in this life, and I want to spare you this.

29. What I mean, brothers, is that the time is short. From now on those who have wives should live as if they had none;

30. those who mourn, as if they did not; those who are happy, as if they were not; those who buy something, as if it were not theirs to keep;

31. those who use the things of the world, as if not engrossed in them. For this world in its present form is passing away. 

32. I would like you to be free from concern. An unmarried man is concerned about the Lord's affairs--how he can please the Lord.

33. But a married man is concerned about the affairs of this world--how he can please his wife--

34. and his interests are divided. An unmarried woman or virgin is concerned about the Lord's affairs: Her aim is to be devoted to the Lord in both body and spirit. But a married woman is concerned about the affairs of this world--how she can please her husband.

35. I am saying this for your own good, not to restrict you, but that you may live in a right way in undivided devotion to the Lord.

36. If anyone thinks he is acting improperly toward the virgin he is engaged to, and if she is getting along in years and he feels he ought to marry, he should do as he wants. He is not sinning. They should get married.

37. But the man who has settled the matter in his own mind, who is under no compulsion but has control over his own will, and who has made up his mind not to marry the virgin--this man also does the right thing.

38. So then, he who marries the virgin does right, but he who does not marry her does even better.

39. A woman is bound to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is free to marry anyone she wishes, but he must belong to the Lord.

40. In my judgment, she is happier if she stays as she is--and I think that I too have the Spirit of God.